Patients with CS may or may not be associated with a known syndrome, of which the most common are Crouzon, Apert, Pfeiffer, Sathre Chotzen, and Muenke syndromes ( Fig. 1 ). The degree of cranial dysmorphology associated with minor suture fusion may vary,, and the impact of its presence on ICP is unknown. , Minor suture CS may be isolated or occur in combination with major suture fusion. By convention, “pancraniosynostosis” refers to patients with CS involving more than 3 major cranial sutures. CS may affect one major cranial suture as in single-suture CS (metopic, sagittal, unicoronal, or unilambdoid), or may affect multiple sutures, as in multisuture CS. Cranial expansion aims to correct cranial dysmorphology and to optimize neurocognitive development by ensuring adequate cerebral space both globally and regionally, including the relief or prevention of elevated intracranial pressure (ICP).ĬS comes in a variety of presentations. Expansion of the intracranial space is the primary goal of surgical intervention for CS. Its presence may result in cephalocranial disproportion, or constricted intracranial space that limits the growth and development of a child’s brain. Posterior cranial vault distraction osteogenesis preserves the frontal cranium for future frontofacial procedures, which may be negated or delayed owing to compensatory posterior cranial vault distraction osteogenesis-related cranial remodeling.Ĭomplications associated with posterior cranial vault distraction osteogenesis include cerebrospinal fluid leak, infection, and device failure.Ĭraniosynostosis (CS) is the premature fusion of the cranial sutures that often occurs in infancy or early childhood. Posterior cranial vault distraction osteogenesis is a powerful, reliable, low-morbidity method for intracranial expansion, particularly useful in treating turribrachycephaly seen in syndromic craniosynostosis.Īpplication of posterior cranial vault distraction osteogenesis as a first step in intracranial expansion in syndromic craniosynostosis achieves larger intracranial volume gains than other methods.
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